Bioinformatics screening and analysis of key differentially expressed genes characteristics in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To screen and analyze the key differentially expressed genes characteristics in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with bioinformatics method. Methods: NAFLD-related expression matrix GSE89632 was downloaded from the GEO database. Limma package was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in healthy, steatosis (SS), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) samples. WGCNA was used to analyze the output gene module. The intersection of module genes and differential genes was used to determine the differential genes characteristic, and then GO function and KEGG signaling pathway enrichment analysis were performed. The protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed using the online website STRING and Cytoscape software, and the key (Hub) genes were screened. Finally, R software was used to analyze the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of the Hub gene. Results: 92 differentially expressed genes characteristic were obtained through screening, which were mainly enriched in inflammatory response-related functions of "lipopolysaccharide response and molecular response of bacterial origin", as well as cancer signaling pathways of "proteoglycan in cancer" and "T-cell leukemia virus infection-related". 10 hub genes (FOS, CXCL8, SERPINE1, CYR61, THBS1, FOSL1, CCL2, MYC, SOCS3 and ATF3) had good diagnostic value. Conclusion: The differentially expressed hub genes among the 10 NAFLD disease-related characteristics obtained with bioinformatics analysis may become a diagnostic and prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target for NAFLD. However, further basic and clinical studies are needed to validate.

Risk factors for adult death due to 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection: a 2151 severe and critical cases analysis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The 2009 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) influenza showed that relatively young adults accounted for the highest rates of hospital admission and death. In preparation for pH1N1, the aim of the study is to identify factors associated with the mortality of patients with 2009 pH1N1 infection, especially for young patients without chronic medical conditions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospective observational study of 2151 severe or critical adult cases (≥ 14 years old) admitted to a hospital with pH1N1 influenza from September 1, 2009 to December 31, 2009 from 426 hospitals of 27 Chinese provinces. A confirmed case was a person whose pH1N1 virus infection was verified by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Severe and critical cases were defined according to the H1N1 2009 Clinical guidelines (Third Edition, 2009) released by the Ministry of Health of China.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 2151 patients, the mean age was 34.0 years. Two hundred and ninty-three (13.6%) died during hospital stay. One thousand four hundred and forty-two patients (67.0%) had no comorbidities and 189 (13.1%) of them died. Pregnancy (OR 8.03), pneumonia (OR 8.91), dyspnea (OR 3.95), central nervous system (CNS) symptom (OR 1.55), higher APACHE (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation) II score (OR 1.06), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (OR 1.002), and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level (OR 1.001) were independent risk factors for death among adults without chronic medical conditions. Higher APACHE II score (OR 1.08) and age (OR 1.06) were independent risk factors for death among adults with respiratory diseases. A multivariate analysis showed an association between mortality and CNS symptoms (OR 2.66), higher APACHE II score (OR 1.03), ALT (OR 1.006), and LDH level (OR 1.002) in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Dyspnea (OR 11.32) was an independent risk factor for patient death in patients with diabetes mellitus.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Clinical knowledge of identified prognostic factors for mortality may aid in the management of adult influenza infection.</p>

Experimental study on intestinal bacterial translocation in acute hepatic failure in rats / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate if glutamine (Gln) reduces intestinal bacterial translocation in acute hepatic failure (AHF) in rats and its mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Acute hepatic failure model in rat was established by intraperitoneal injection of galatosamine. The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: the normal control group (A), prevention and treatment group (B), treatment group (C), and model group (D). The rats in groups A and D were fed with normal saline. Two days before intraperitoneal injection, the rats in group B were fed with Gln and those in group C were fed with Gln 24 hours after injection. After 4 days of treatment, the rats were sacrificed and pathological scores of liver were assessed. The percentage of intestinal bacterial transloaction and bacteria in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) were measured. The villus height, crypt depth of ileum mucosa were analyzed. The levels of serum diamine oxidase (DAO) were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The liver pathological scores of groups B and C were significantly lower than those of group D. The frequency of the bacteria found in MLN was significantly lower in group B compared with group D. The levels of DAO in blood were significantly lower in groups B and C than that of group D, and the level was significantly lower in group B than in group C. The villus height and crypt depth of the mucosa were significantly greater in group B and group C than in group D, and greater in group B than in group C.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results of the present study show that Gln can reduce the occurrence of the intestinal bacterial translocation in AHF in rats by improving the function of intestinal barrier.</p>